基于C++的学生选课管理系统

功能模块设计

基于C++语言实现的学生选课管理系统，采用面向对象的思维进行设计，包含管理员和学生两个功能模块。

管理员模块

• 添加课程信息
• 删除课程信息
• 修改课程信息
• 查询课程信息
• 学生信息管理
• 课程信息一览表
• 课程排序
• 清空系统数据
• 注销登录

用户模块

• 课程信息一览表
• 选课
• 退课
• 注销登录

主要运行界面

添加课程信息界面

学生信息管理功能界面

选课功能界面

退课功能界面

系统完整代码

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <string>
#include <iomanip>
#include <fstream>
#include <vector>
#include <sstream>
#include <ctime>
using namespace std;

//课程类
class Course
{
	public:
		string cNum;       //课程编号
		string cName;      //课程名称
		double cCredit;    //课程学分
		double cTime;      //课程学时
		string cMethod;    //考核方式：考试 or 考察
		string cNature;    //课程性质：选修 or 必修  or 素质
		//无参构造函数
		Course()
		{
		}
		//有参构造函数
		Course(string cNum, string cName, double cCredit, double cTime, string cMethod, string cNature)
		{
			this->cNum = cNum;
			this->cName = cName;
			this->cCredit = cCredit;
			this->cTime = cTime;
			this->cMethod = cMethod;
			this->cNature = cNature;
		}
		//输出课程表的某一行
		void showCourseInfo()
		{
			cout << left << setw(16) << cNum;
			cout << left << setw(30) << cName;
			cout << left << setw(16) << cCredit;
			cout << left << setw(16) << cTime;
			cout << left << setw(16) << cMethod;
			cout << left << setw(16) << cNature << endl;
		}
		//输出课程表表头
		static void showHeader()
		{
			cout << left << setw(16) << "课程编号";
			cout << left << setw(30) << "课程名称";
			cout << left << setw(16) << "课程学分";
			cout << left << setw(16) << "课程学时";
			cout << left << setw(16) << "考核方式";
			cout << left << setw(16) << "课程属性" << endl;
		}
};

//人类 用来实例化管理员的
class Person
{
	public:
		string num;   //账号
		string pwd;   //密码
		Person()
		{
		}
		Person(string num, string pwd)
		{
			this->num = num;
			this->pwd = pwd;
		}
};

//学生类
class Student
{
	public:
		string stuNum;         //学号
		string stuName;        //姓名
		string gradeNum;       //年级
		string department;     //专业
		string classNum;       //班级
		vector<Course> clist;  //所选课程
		int ctSize;            //选课门数
		string pwd;            //教务密码
		//无参构造函数
		Student()
		{
		}
		//有参构造函数
		Student(string stuNum, string stuName, string gradeNum, string department, string classNum,vector<Course> clist, int ctSize, string pwd)
		{
			this->stuNum = stuNum;
			this->stuName = stuName;
			this->gradeNum = gradeNum;
			this->department = department;
			this->classNum = classNum;
			this->clist = clist;
			this->ctSize = ctSize;
			this->pwd = pwd;
		}
		//析构函数
		~Student()
		{
		}
		//学生信息表的某一行
		void showStudentInfo()
		{
			cout << left << setw(14) << stuNum;
			cout << left << setw(14) <<  stuName;
			cout << left << setw(12) << gradeNum;
			cout << left << setw(25) << department;
			cout << left << setw(12) << classNum;
			cout << left << setw(15) << ctSize;
			cout << left << setw(20) << pwd << endl;
		}
		////学生信息表的表头
		static void showHeader()
		{
			cout << left << setw(14) << "学号";
			cout << left << setw(14) <<  "姓名";
			cout << left << setw(12) << "年级";
			cout << left << setw(25) << "专业";
			cout << left << setw(12) << "班级";
			cout << left << setw(15) << "选课数量";
			cout << left << setw(20) << "教务密码" << endl;
		}
};

//选课管理系统类
class CourseSystem
{
	public:
		vector<Course> cs;   //课程列表
		vector<Student> ss;  //学生列表
		Person admin;        //管理员
		//无参构造函数
		CourseSystem();
		//有参构造函数
		CourseSystem(vector<Course> cs, vector<Student> ss, Person admin);
		//析构函数
		~CourseSystem();
		//设置管理员的账号密码
		void setAdmin(string num, string pwd);
		//初始化
		void init();
		//登录菜单
		void menu();
		//登录函数：学生和管理员都通过login函数登录
		void login(string sel);
		//管理员菜单
		void aMenu();
		//学生菜单
		void sMenu(Student& s);
		//读取文件
		void readFile();
		//写入文件
		void writeFile();
		//遍历课程列表 即遍历容器cs
		void traverseCs();
		//遍历学生列表 即遍历容器ss
		void traverseSs();
		//添加课程信息
		void insertCs();
		//删除课程信息
		void deleteCs();
		//修改课程信息
		void updateCs();
		//查询课程信息
		void selectCs();
		//管理学生功能：包含添加学生和删除学生  
		//管理员在这里添加学生信息后  就可以用学生信息进行学生登录  账号：学生学号  密码：学生教务密码 
		void managePs();
		//课程信息一览表
		void displayCs();
		//将课程列表按课程编号升序排列
		static bool cmpNum(const Course& c1,const Course& c2);
		//将课程列表按课程学分升序排列,学分相同则按编号升序排列
		static bool cmpCredit(const Course& c1,const Course& c2);
		//课程排序：1.按课程编号排序  2.按课程学分排序
		void sortCs();
		//清空系统数据
		void clearSystem();
		//学生选课
		void insertClist(Student& s);
		//学生退课
		void deleteClist(Student& s);
};

//CourseSystem类  无参构造函数  类外实现 
CourseSystem::CourseSystem()
{
}
//CourseSystem类  有参构造函数  类外实现 
CourseSystem::CourseSystem(vector<Course> cs, vector<Student> ss, Person admin)
{
	this->cs = cs;
	this->ss = ss;
	this->admin = admin;
}
//CourseSystem类  析构函数  类外实现 
CourseSystem::~CourseSystem()
{
}
//CourseSystem类  设置管理员的账号密码
void CourseSystem::setAdmin(string num, string pwd)
{
	this->admin.num = num;
	this->admin.pwd = pwd;
}

//CourseSystem类 初始化
void CourseSystem::init()
{
	readFile(); //读取文件
}
//CourseSystem类 登录菜单
void CourseSystem::menu()
{
	string sel = "0";
	system("cls");
	cout << "\t\t\t*********欢迎来到学生选课管理系统***********" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t你可以进行以下操作:" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|             1   管理员登录               |" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|             2   学生登录                 |" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|             0   退出                     |" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t请选择【0-2】：";
	cin >> sel;
	while(sel != "0" && sel != "1" && sel != "2")
	{
		cout << "\t\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-2】：";
		cin >> sel;
	}
	if(sel == "1")
	{
		this->login(sel);
		this->menu();
	}
	else if(sel == "2")
	{
		this->login(sel);
		this->menu();
	}
	else
	{
		exit(0);
	}
}

//CourseSystem类 登录函数：学生和管理员都通过login函数登录
void CourseSystem::login(string sel)
{
	cout<<"\t\t\t请填写用户信息："<<endl;
	if(sel == "1")
	{
		Person p;
		cout<<"\t\t\t输入账号：";
		cin>>p.num;
		cout<<"\t\t\t输入密码：";
		cin>>p.pwd;
		if(p.num == this->admin.num && p.pwd == this->admin.pwd)
		{
			cout<<"\t\t\t管理员登录成功！"<<endl;
			this->aMenu();
		}
		else
		{
			cout<<"\t\t\t用户名或密码输入错误"<<endl;
		}
		cout<<"\t\t\t";
		system("pause");
	}
	else if(sel == "2")
	{
		bool flag = false;
		Student s;
		cout << "\t\t\t输入账号：";
		cin >> s.stuNum;
		cout << "\t\t\t输入密码：";
		cin >> s.pwd;
		for(int i = 0; i < this->ss.size(); ++i)
		{
			if(s.stuNum == ss[i].stuNum && s.pwd == ss[i].pwd)
			{
				flag = true;
				cout<<"\t\t\t学生登录成功！"<<endl;
				this->sMenu(ss[i]);
			}
		}
		if(!flag) cout<<"\t\t\t用户名或密码输入错误！"<<endl;
		cout<<"\t\t\t";
		system("pause");
	}
}

//CourseSystem类 管理员菜单
void CourseSystem::aMenu()
{
	string sel = "0";
	system("cls");
	cout << "\t\t\t***********欢迎来到学生选课管理系统****************" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t当前用户：" << this->admin.num <<"（管理员）"<< endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|-------------------------------------------------|" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|               1   添加课程信息                  |" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|-------------------------------------------------|" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|               2   删除课程信息                  |" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|-------------------------------------------------|" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|               3   修改课程信息                  |" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|-------------------------------------------------|" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|               4   查询课程信息                  |" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|-------------------------------------------------|" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|               5   学生信息管理                  |" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|-------------------------------------------------|" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|               6   课程信息一览表                |" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|-------------------------------------------------|" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|               7   课程排序                      |" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|-------------------------------------------------|" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|               8   清空系统数据                  |" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|-------------------------------------------------|" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|               0   注销登录                      |" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|-------------------------------------------------|" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t请选择【0-8】：";
	cin >> sel;
	while(sel != "0" && sel != "1" && sel != "2" && sel != "3" && sel != "4" && sel != "5" && sel != "6" && sel != "7" && sel != "8")
	{
		cout << "\t\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-8】：";
		cin >> sel;
	}
	if(sel == "1")
	{
		this->insertCs();
		this->aMenu();
	}
	else if(sel == "2")
	{
		this->deleteCs();
		this->aMenu();
	}
	else if(sel == "3")
	{
		this->updateCs();
		this->aMenu();
	}
	else if(sel == "4")
	{
		this->selectCs();
		this->aMenu();
	}
	else if(sel == "5")
	{
		this->managePs();
		this->aMenu();
	}
	else if(sel == "6")
	{
		this->displayCs();
		this->aMenu();
	}
	else if(sel == "7")
	{
		this->sortCs();
		this->aMenu();
	}
	else if(sel == "8")
	{
		this->clearSystem();
		this->aMenu();
	}
	else if(sel == "0")
	{
		this->menu();
	}
}

//CourseSystem类 学生菜单
void CourseSystem::sMenu(Student& s)
{
	string sel = "0";
	system("cls");
	cout << "\t\t\t**********欢迎来到学生选课系统**************" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t当前用户：" << s.stuName <<"（学生）"<< endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|        1   课程信息一览表                |" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|        2   选课                          |" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|        3   退课                          |" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|        0   注销登录                      |" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
	cout << "\t\t\t请选择【0-3】：";
	cin >> sel;
	while(sel != "0" && sel != "1" && sel != "2" && sel != "3")
	{
		cout << "\t\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-3】：";
		cin >> sel;
	}
	if(sel == "1")
	{
		this->displayCs(); //课程信息一览表
		this->sMenu(s);
	}
	else if(sel == "2")
	{
		this->insertClist(s);  //报名
		this->sMenu(s);
	}
	else if(sel == "3")
	{
		this->deleteClist(s);  //退课
		this->sMenu(s);
	}
	else if(sel == "0")     //注销登录
	{
		this->menu();
	}
}

//CourseSystem类 读取文件
void CourseSystem::readFile()
{
	//读取文件course.txt  对应容器 cs
	ifstream ifs;
	ifs.open("course.txt", ios::in);
	int csSize = 0; //用来接收活动数量的值
	ifs >> csSize;
	for(int i = 0; i < csSize; i++)
	{
		Course c;
		ifs >> c.cNum >> c.cName >> c.cCredit >> c.cTime >> c.cMethod >> c.cNature;
		cs.push_back(c);
	}
	ifs.close();

	//读取文件student  对应容器 ss
	ifstream jfs;
	jfs.open("student.txt", ios::in);
	int ssSize = 0; //用来接收学生数量的值
	jfs >> ssSize;
	for(int i = 0; i < ssSize; i++)
	{
		Student s;
		jfs >> s.stuNum >> s.stuName >> s.gradeNum >> s.department >> s.classNum >> s.ctSize >> s.pwd;
		for(int j = 0; j < s.ctSize; j++)
		{
			Course cc;
			jfs >> cc.cNum >> cc.cName >> cc.cCredit >> cc.cTime >> cc.cMethod >> cc.cNature;
			s.clist.push_back(cc);
		}
		ss.push_back(s);
	}
	jfs.close();
}
//CourseSystem类 写入文件
void CourseSystem::writeFile()
{
	//写入文件course.txt  对应容器 cs
	ofstream ofs;
	ofs.open("course.txt", ios::out);
	ofs << cs.size() << endl; //先写入课程数量
	for (int i = 0; i < cs.size(); i++)
	{
		ofs << cs[i].cNum << " " << cs[i].cName << " " << cs[i].cCredit << " "
		    << cs[i].cTime << " " << cs[i].cMethod << " " << cs[i].cNature << endl;
	}
	ofs.close();

	//写入文件student.txt  对应容器 ss
	ofstream pfs;
	pfs.open("student.txt", ios::out);
	pfs << ss.size() << endl; //先写入课程数量
	for (int i = 0; i < ss.size(); i++)
	{
		pfs << ss[i].stuNum << " " << ss[i].stuName << " " << ss[i].gradeNum << " "
		    << ss[i].department << " " << ss[i].classNum << " " << ss[i].clist.size() << " " << ss[i].pwd << endl;
		for(int j = 0; j < ss[i].clist.size(); j++)
		{
			pfs << ss[i].clist[j].cNum << " " << ss[i].clist[j].cName << " " << ss[i].clist[j].cCredit << " "
			    << ss[i].clist[j].cTime << " " << ss[i].clist[j].cMethod << " " << ss[i].clist[j].cNature << endl;
		}
	}
	pfs.close();
}

//CourseSystem类 遍历课程列表 即遍历容器cs
void CourseSystem::traverseCs()
{
	cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
	cout<<"\t";
	Course::showHeader();
	cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < cs.size(); i++)
	{
		cout << "\t";
		cs[i].showCourseInfo();
	}
	cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
}

//CourseSystem类 遍历学生列表 即遍历容器ss
void CourseSystem::traverseSs()
{
	cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
	cout<<"\t";
	Student::showHeader();
	cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < ss.size(); i++)
	{
		cout << "\t";
		ss[i].showStudentInfo();
	}
	cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
}

//CourseSystem类 添加课程信息
void CourseSystem::insertCs()
{
	while(true)
	{
		system("cls");
		cout << "\t*************************************欢迎来到添加课程信息功能*****************************************" << endl;
		cout << "\t表1：课程信息一览表"<<endl;
		this->traverseCs();
		string sel = "0";
		cout << "\t-----------------" << endl;
		cout << "\t1 添加课程信息" << endl;
		cout << "\t2 返回主菜单" << endl;
		cout << "\t-----------------" << endl;
		cout << "\t请进行选择【1-2】：";
		cin >> sel;
		while(sel != "1" && sel != "2")
		{
			cout << "\t输入不合法,请重新选择【1-2】：";
			cin >> sel;
		}
		if(sel == "1")
		{
			string flag = "1";
			while (flag == "1")
			{
				cout << "\t开始信息录入："<<endl;
				Course c;
				bool check = false;
				do
				{
					check = false;
					cout << "\t课程编号（长度6位）：";
					cin >> c.cNum;
					for(int i = 0; i < cs.size(); ++i)
					{
						if(c.cNum == cs[i].cNum)
						{
							cout<<"\t该课程编号已被其他课程使用，请重新输入！" << endl;
							check = true;
							break;
						}
					}
				}
				while(check);
				cout << "\t课程名称：";
				cin >> c.cName;
				cout << "\t课程学分：";
				cin >> c.cCredit;
				cout << "\t课程学时：";
				cin >> c.cTime;
				cout << "\t考核方式（考试 or 考察）：";
				cin >> c.cMethod;
				cout << "\t课程性质（选修 or 必修 or 素质）：";
				cin >> c.cNature;
				cs.push_back(c);
				writeFile();
				cout << "\n\t课程信息添加成功！是否继续添加？（1 是 0 否）" << endl;
				cout << "\t请进行选择【0-1】：";
				cin >> flag;
				while(flag != "0" && flag != "1")
				{
					cout << "\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】：";
					cin >> flag;
				}
			}
			cout << "\t";
			system("pause");
		}
		else
		{
			break;
		}
	}
}
//CourseSystem类 删除课程信息
void CourseSystem::deleteCs()
{
	while (true)
	{
		system("cls");
		cout << "\t*************************************欢迎来到删除课程信息功能*****************************************" << endl;
		cout << "\t表1：课程信息一览表"<<endl;
		this->traverseCs();
		string sel = "0";
		cout << "\t-----------------" << endl;
		cout << "\t1 按课程编号删除" << endl;
		cout << "\t2 返回主菜单" << endl;
		cout << "\t-----------------" << endl;
		cout << "\t请进行选择【1-2】：";
		cin >> sel;
		while(sel != "1" && sel != "2")
		{
			cout << "\t输入不合法,请重新选择【1-2】：";
			cin >> sel;
		}
		if (sel == "1")
		{
			string keyNum;
			bool flag = false;
			cout << "\t请输入待删除的课程编号：";
			cin >> keyNum;
			for (vector<Course>::iterator it = cs.begin(); it != cs.end(); ++it)
			{
				if (it->cNum == keyNum)
				{
					flag = true;
					cout<< "\n\t编号" << keyNum << "课程基本信息："<<endl;

					cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
					cout<<"\t";
					Course::showHeader();
					cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
					cout<<"\t";
					it->showCourseInfo();
					cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
					cout << "\t如果删除该课程，则所有已选择该课程的学生的课表也会将该课程去除！"<<endl;
					cout << "\t是否确认删除该课程？（1 是 0 否）" << endl;
					cout << "\t请进行选择【0-1】：";
					string ch = "0";
					cin >> ch;
					while(ch != "0" && ch != "1")
					{
						cout << "\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】：";
						cin >> ch;
					}
					if (ch == "0") break;
					else
					{
						for(int j = 0; j < ss.size(); j++)
						{
							for(vector<Course>::iterator ie = ss[j].clist.begin(); ie != ss[j].clist.end(); ++ie)
							{
								if(ie->cNum == it->cNum)
								{
									ss[j].clist.erase(ie);
									break;
								}
							}
						}
						cs.erase(it);
						writeFile();
						cout << "\t删除成功！" << endl;
						break;
					}
				}
			}
			if (!flag) cout << "\t无法查询到此课程信息，无法删除！\n" << endl;
			cout << "\t";
			system("pause");
		}
		else
		{
			break;
		}
	}
}

//CourseSystem类 修改课程信息
void CourseSystem::updateCs()
{
	while(true)
	{
		system("cls");
		cout << "\t*************************************欢迎来到修改课程信息功能*****************************************" << endl;
		cout << "\t表1：课程信息一览表"<<endl;
		this->traverseCs();
		string sel = "0";
		cout << "\t---------------------------" << endl;
		cout << "\t1 修改课程信息" << endl;
		cout << "\t2 返回主菜单" << endl;
		cout << "\t---------------------------" << endl;
		cout << "\t请进行选择【1-2】：";
		cin >> sel;
		while(sel != "1" && sel != "2")
		{
			cout << "\t输入不合法,请重新选择【1-2】：";
			cin >> sel;
		}
		if(sel == "1")
		{
			bool flag = false;
			string keyNum;
			cout << "\t请输入待修改课程的编号：";
			cin >> keyNum;
			for (int i = 0; i < cs.size(); i++)
			{
				if (cs[i].cNum == keyNum)
				{
					flag = true;
					cout << "\t待修改课程当前信息如下：" << endl;
					cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;

					cout<<"\t";
					Course::showHeader();
					cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
					cout<<"\t";
					cs[i].showCourseInfo();
					cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
					Course c = cs[i];
					bool check = false;
					do
					{
						check = false;
						cout << "\t请输入修改后的课程名称：";
						cin >> c.cName;
						for(int j = 0; j < cs.size(); ++j)
						{
							if(c.cName == cs[j].cName && i != j)
							{
								cout<<"\t该课程名称已被系统录入，请重新输入：" << endl;
								check = true;
								break;
							}
						}
					}
					while(check);
					cout << "\t请输入修改后的课程学分：";
					cin >> c.cCredit;
					cout << "\t请输入修改后的课程学时：";
					cin >> c.cTime;
					cout << "\t请输入修改后的考核方式：";
					cin >> c.cMethod;
					cout << "\t请输入修改后的课程性质：";
					cin >> c.cNature;
					cout << "\t是否确认修改？（1 是 0 否）" << endl;
					cout << "\t请进行选择【0-1】：";
					string ch = "0";
					cin >> ch;
					while(ch != "0" && ch != "1")
					{
						cout << "\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】：";
						cin >> ch;
					}
					if (ch == "0") break;
					else
					{
						for(int j = 0; j < ss.size(); j++)
						{
							for(int k = 0; k < ss[j].clist.size(); k++)
							{
								if(ss[j].clist[k].cNum == keyNum)
								{
									ss[j].clist[k] = c;
								}
							}
						}
						cs[i] = c;
						cout << "\t修改成功！" << endl;
						writeFile();
						break;
					}
				}
			}
			if (!flag) cout << "\t无法查询到此课程信息，无法修改！\n" << endl;
			cout<<"\t";
			system("pause");
		}
		else
		{
			break;
		}
	}
}
//CourseSystem类 查询课程信息
void CourseSystem::selectCs()
{
	while (true)
	{
		system("cls");
		cout << "\t*************************************欢迎来到查询课程信息功能*****************************************" << endl;
		cout << "\t表1：课程信息一览表"<<endl;
		this->traverseCs();
		cout << "\t----------------------------" << endl;
		cout << "\t1 按课程编号查询" << endl;
		cout << "\t2 返课程名称查询" << endl;
		cout << "\t3 按课程学分查询" << endl;
		cout << "\t4 按课程性质查询" << endl;
		cout << "\t5 返回主菜单" << endl;
		cout << "\t----------------------------" << endl;
		cout << "\t请进行选择【1-5】：";
		string sel = "0";
		cin >> sel;
		while(sel != "1" && sel != "2" && sel != "3" && sel != "4" && sel != "5")
		{
			cout << "\t输入不合法,请重新选择【1-5】：";
			cin >> sel;
		}
		if (sel == "1")
		{
			string key;
			bool flag = false;
			cout << "\t请输入待查询课程的编号：";
			cin >> key;
			cout << "\t查询结果如下：" << endl;
			cout<<"\t课程基本信息："<<endl;
			cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			cout<<"\t";
			Course::showHeader();
			cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			for (int i = 0; i < cs.size(); i++)
			{
				if (cs[i].cNum == key)
				{
					flag = true;
					cout<<"\t";
					cs[i].showCourseInfo();
					break;
				}
			}
			cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			if (!flag) cout << "\t无法查询到此课程！\n" << endl;
			cout << "\t";
			system("pause");
		}
		else if (sel == "2")
		{
			string key;
			bool flag = false;
			cout << "\t请输入待查询课程的名称：";
			cin >> key;
			cout << "\t查询结果如下：" << endl;
			cout<<"\t课程基本信息："<<endl;
			cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			cout<<"\t";
			Course::showHeader();
			cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			for (int i = 0; i < cs.size(); i++)
			{
				if (cs[i].cName == key)
				{
					flag = true;
					cout<<"\t";
					cs[i].showCourseInfo();
				}
			}
			cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			if (!flag) cout << "\t无法查询到此课程！\n" << endl;
			cout << "\t";
			system("pause");
		}
		else if (sel == "3")
		{
			double credit;
			bool flag = false;
			cout << "\t请输入待查询课程的学分：";
			cin >> credit;
			cout << "\t查询结果如下：" << endl;
			cout<<"\t课程基本信息："<<endl;
			cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			cout<<"\t";
			Course::showHeader();
			cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			for (int i = 0; i < cs.size(); i++)
			{
				if (cs[i].cCredit == credit)
				{
					flag = true;
					cout<<"\t";
					cs[i].showCourseInfo();
				}
			}
			cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			if (!flag) cout << "\t无法查询到此课程！\n" << endl;
			cout << "\t";
			system("pause");
		}
		else if (sel == "4")
		{
			string key;
			bool flag = false;
			cout << "\t请输入待查询课程的性质：";
			cin >> key;
			cout << "\t查询结果如下：" << endl;
			cout<<"\t课程基本信息："<<endl;
			cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			cout<<"\t";
			Course::showHeader();
			cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			for (int i = 0; i < cs.size(); i++)
			{
				if (cs[i].cNature == key)
				{
					flag = true;
					cout<<"\t";
					cs[i].showCourseInfo();
				}
			}
			cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			if (!flag) cout << "\t无法查询到此课程！\n" << endl;
			cout << "\t";
			system("pause");
		}
		else
		{
			break;
		}
	}
}

//CourseSystem类 管理学生功能：包含添加学生和删除学生 
//管理员在这里添加学生信息后  就可以用学生信息进行学生登录  账号：学生学号  密码：学生教务密码 
void CourseSystem::managePs()
{
	while(true)
	{
		system("cls");
		cout << "\t*************************************欢迎来到学生信息管理功能*****************************************" << endl;
		cout << "\t学生信息一览表"<<endl;
		this->traverseSs();
		string sel = "0";
		cout << "\t-----------------" << endl;
		cout << "\t1 添加学生" << endl;
		cout << "\t2 删除学生" << endl;
		cout << "\t3 返回主菜单" << endl;
		cout << "\t-----------------" << endl;
		cout << "\t请进行选择【1-3】：";
		cin >> sel;
		while(sel != "1" && sel != "2" && sel != "3")
		{
			cout << "\t输入不合法,请重新选择【1-3】：";
			cin >> sel;
		}
		if(sel == "1")
		{
			Student s;
			cout << "\t输入学生信息：" << endl;
			cout << "\t学号（10位）：";
			bool check = false;
			do
			{
				check = false;
				cin >> s.stuNum;
				for(int i = 0; i < ss.size(); ++i)
				{
					if(s.stuNum == ss[i].stuNum)
					{
						cout << "\t该学号已存在，请重新输入：";
						check = true;
						break;
					}
				}
			}
			while(check);
			cout << "\t姓名：";
			cin >> s.stuName;
			cout << "\t年级：";
			cin >> s.gradeNum;
			cout << "\t专业：";
			cin >> s.department;
			cout << "\t班级：";
			cin >> s.classNum;
			cout << "\t设置该学生教务系统密码：";
			cin >> s.pwd;
			s.ctSize = 0;
			ss.push_back(s);
			writeFile();
			cout<<"\t添加成功！"<<endl;
			cout<<"\t";
			system("pause");
		}
		else if(sel == "2")
		{
			string keyNum;
			bool flag = false;
			cout << "\t请输入待删除学生的学号：";
			cin >> keyNum;

			for (vector<Student>::iterator it = ss.begin(); it != ss.end(); ++it)
			{
				if (it->stuNum == keyNum)
				{
					flag = true;
					cout << "\t待删除学生的基本信息如下：" << endl;
					cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
					cout<<"\t";
					Student::showHeader();
					cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
					cout<<"\t";
					it->showStudentInfo();
					cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
					cout << "\t是否确认删除该学生？（1 是 0 否）" << endl;
					cout << "\t请进行选择【0-1】：";
					string ch = "0";
					cin >> ch;
					while(ch != "0" && ch != "1")
					{
						cout << "\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】：";
						cin >> ch;
					}
					if (ch == "0") break;
					else
					{
						ss.erase(it);
						writeFile();
						cout << "\t删除成功！" << endl;
						break;
					}
				}
			}
			if (!flag) cout << "\t查无此人，无法删除！\n" << endl;
			cout << "\t";
			system("pause");
		}
		else
		{
			break;
		}
	}
}

//CourseSystem类 课程信息一览表
void CourseSystem::displayCs()
{
	system("cls");
	cout << "\t************************************欢迎来到课程信息一览表功能****************************************" << endl;
	cout << "\t课程信息一览表"<<endl;
	this->traverseCs();
	cout << "\t";
	system("pause");
}

//CourseSystem类 将课程列表按课程编号升序排列   
bool CourseSystem::cmpNum(const Course& c1,const Course& c2)
{
	return c1.cNum < c2.cNum;
}

//CourseSystem类 将课程列表按课程学分升序排列,学分相同则按编号升序排列
bool CourseSystem::cmpCredit(const Course& c1,const Course& c2)
{
	if(c1.cNum != c2.cNum) return c1.cCredit < c2.cCredit;
	else return c1.cNum < c2.cNum;
}

//CourseSystem类 课程排序
void CourseSystem::sortCs()
{
	while(true)
	{
		system("cls");
		cout << "\t*************************************欢迎来到课程信息排序功能*****************************************" << endl;
		string sel = "0";
		cout << "\t-----------------" << endl;
		cout << "\t1 按课程编号排序" << endl;
		cout << "\t2 按课程学分排序" << endl;
		cout << "\t3 返回主菜单" << endl;
		cout << "\t-----------------" << endl;
		cout << "\t请进行选择【1-3】：";
		cin >> sel;
		while(sel != "1" && sel != "2" && sel != "3")
		{
			cout << "\t输入不合法,请重新选择【1-3】：";
			cin >> sel;
		}
		if(sel == "1")
		{
			sort(cs.begin(), cs.end(), cmpNum);
			cout<<"\t按课程编号升序排列如下："<<endl;
			this->traverseCs();
			cout << "\t";
			system("pause");
		}
		else if(sel == "2")
		{
			sort(cs.begin(), cs.end(), cmpCredit);
			cout<<"\t\t按课程学分升序排列如下："<<endl;
			this->traverseCs();
			cout << "\t";
			system("pause");
		}
		else
		{
			break;
		}
	}
}

//CourseSystem类 清空系统数据
void CourseSystem::clearSystem()
{
	while (true)
	{
		string sel = "0";
		system("cls");
		cout << "\t************************************欢迎来到清空系统数据功能***************************************" << endl;
		cout << "\t当前用户：" << this->admin.num <<"（管理员）"<< endl;
		cout << "\t------------------" << endl;
		cout << "\t1 确认清空系统数据" << endl;
		cout << "\t2 返回主菜单" << endl;
		cout << "\t------------------" << endl;
		cout << "\t请慎重选择【1-2】：";
		cin >> sel;
		while(sel != "1" && sel != "2")
		{
			cout << "\t输入不合法,请重新输入【1-2】：";
			cin >> sel;
		}
		if (sel == "1")
		{
			cs.clear();
			ss.clear();
			cout << "\t清空成功！" << endl;
			cout << "\t";
			system("pause");
			writeFile();
		}
		else
		{
			break;
		}
	}
}

//CourseSystem类 学生选课
void CourseSystem::insertClist(Student& s)
{
	while(true)
	{
		system("cls");
		cout << "\t******************************************欢迎来到选课功能********************************************" << endl;
		cout << "\t表1：课程信息一览表"<<endl;
		this->traverseCs();
		cout << endl;
		cout << "\t表2：您的当前课表如下："<<endl;

		cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
		cout<<"\t";
		Course::showHeader();
		cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
		for (int i = 0; i < s.clist.size(); i++)
		{
			cout << "\t";
			s.clist[i].showCourseInfo();
		}
		cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
		string sel = "0";
		cout << "\t-----------------" << endl;
		cout << "\t1 选课" << endl;
		cout << "\t2 返回主菜单" << endl;
		cout << "\t-----------------" << endl;
		cout << "\t请进行选择【1-2】：";
		cin >> sel;
		while(sel != "1" && sel != "2")
		{
			cout << "\t输入不合法,请重新选择【1-2】：";
			cin >> sel;
		}
		if(sel == "1")
		{
			cout << "\t请输入想选择的课程编号：";
			Course c;
			cin >> c.cNum;
			bool check1 = false;
			for (int i = 0; i < s.clist.size(); i++)
			{
				if(s.clist[i].cNum == c.cNum)
				{
					check1 = true;
					break;
				}
			}
			if(check1)
			{
				cout << "\t该课程已在您的课表中，无需重复选课！" << endl;
			}
			else
			{
				bool check2 = false;
				for (int i = 0; i < cs.size(); i++)
				{
					if(cs[i].cNum == c.cNum)
					{
						cout << "\t该课程信息如下：" << endl;
						cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
						cout<<"\t";
						Course::showHeader();
						cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
						cout<<"\t";
						cs[i].showCourseInfo();
						cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
						c = cs[i];
						check2 = true;
						break;
					}
				}
				if(check2)
				{
					cout << "\t是否确认选择该课程？（1 是 0 否）" << endl;
					string str;
					cout << "\t请进行选择【0-1】：";
					cin >> str;
					if(str == "1")
					{
						s.clist.push_back(c);
						s.ctSize = s.clist.size();
						writeFile();
						cout << "\t选课成功！" << endl;
					}
				}
				else
				{
					cout << "\t未查询到该课程信息！" << endl;
				}
			}
			cout << "\t";
			system("pause");
		}
		else
		{
			break;
		}
	}
}

//CourseSystem类 学生退课
void CourseSystem::deleteClist(Student& s)
{
	while(true)
	{
		system("cls");
		cout << "\t******************************************欢迎来到退课功能********************************************" << endl;
		cout << "\t表2：已选课程一览表" << endl;

		cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
		cout<<"\t";
		Course::showHeader();
		cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
		for (int i = 0; i < s.clist.size(); i++)
		{
			cout << "\t";
			s.clist[i].showCourseInfo();
		}
		cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
		string sel = "0";
		cout << "\t-----------------" << endl;
		cout << "\t1 退课" << endl;
		cout << "\t2 返回主菜单" << endl;
		cout << "\t-----------------" << endl;
		cout << "\t请进行选择【1-2】：";
		cin >> sel;
		while(sel != "1" && sel != "2")
		{
			cout << "\t输入不合法,请重新选择【1-2】：";
			cin >> sel;
		}
		if(sel == "1")
		{
			cout << "\t请输入想退出的课程编号：";
			Course c;
			cin >> c.cNum;
			bool check1 = false;
			for(vector<Course>::iterator it = s.clist.begin(); it != s.clist.end(); ++it)
			{
				if(it->cNum == c.cNum)
				{
					check1 = true;
					cout << "\t该课程信息如下：" << endl;
					cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
					cout<<"\t";
					Course::showHeader();
					cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
					cout<<"\t";
					it->showCourseInfo();
					cout << "\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
					cout << "\t是否确认退出？（1 是 0 否）" << endl;
					cout << "\t请进行选择【0-1】：";
					string ch = "0";
					cin >> ch;
					while(ch != "0" && ch != "1")
					{
						cout << "\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】：";
						cin >> ch;
					}
					if(ch == "0") break;
					else
					{
						s.clist.erase(it);
						s.ctSize = s.clist.size();
						writeFile();
						cout << "\t退出成功！" << endl;
						break;
					}
				}
			}
			if(!check1)
			{
				cout << "\t您的课表中没有该课程，无需退出！" << endl;
			}
			cout << "\t";
			system("pause");
		}
		else
		{
			break;
		}
	}
}
//主函数 
int main()
{
	CourseSystem csm;
	csm.init();
	csm.setAdmin("admin","123"); //设置管理员的账号和密码
	csm.menu();
	return 0;
}

运行方法

1. 新建一个cpp文件，命名为”main.cpp”。
2. 将系统完整代码复制粘贴至”main.cpp”中。
3. 利用Dev C++运行”main.cpp”即可（系统管理员默认账号：admin 密码：123）。