基于C++的个人财务管理系统

功能模块设计

基于C++语言实现的个人财务管理系统，采用面向对象的思维进行设计，包含以下功能模块：

• 添加收支记录
• 删除收支记录
• 修改收支记录
• 查询收支记录
• 个人收支记录一览表
• 清空系统数据

主要运行界面

• 主菜单界面

• 个人收支记录一览表界面

• 添加收支记录界面

• 查询收支记录界面

系统完整代码

#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <string>
#include <iomanip>
#include <fstream>
#include <vector>
#include <sstream>
#include <ctime>
using namespace std;
//收支记录类
class Record
{
	public:
		string num;     //序号  作为主键
		string date;    //日期
		double amount;  //金额
		string type;    //类型  收入 or 支出
		string remarks; //备注
		Record()
		{
		}
		Record(string num, string date, string type, double amount, string remarks)
		{
			this->num = num;
			this->date = date;
			this->type = type;
			this->amount = amount;
			this->remarks = remarks;
		}
		void showRecordInfo()
		{
			cout << left << setw(12) << num;
			cout << left << setw(20) << date;
			cout << left << setw(16) << type;
			cout << left << setw(16) << amount;
			cout << left << setw(20) << remarks << endl;
		}
		static void showHeader()
		{
			cout << left << setw(12) << "序号";
			cout << left << setw(20) << "日期";
			cout << left << setw(16) << "类型";
			cout << left << setw(16) << "金额";
			cout << left << setw(20) << "备注" << endl;
		}
};
//收支记录系统类
class FinanceSystem
{
	public:
		vector<Record> rs;
		double money;
		FinanceSystem()
		{
		}
		FinanceSystem(vector<Record> rs, double money)
		{
			this->rs = rs;
			this->money = money;
		}
		~FinanceSystem()
		{
		}
		//初始化
		void init(double money)
		{
			this->money = money; //设置初始金额
			readFile(); //读取文件
		}
		void menu()
		{
			string sel = "0";
			system("cls");
			cout << "\t\t\t*********欢迎来到个人财务管理系统***********" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|        1   添加收支记录                  |" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|        2   删除收支记录                  |" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|        3   修改收支记录                  |" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|        4   查询收支记录                  |" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|        5   个人收支记录一览表            |" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|        6   清空系统数据                  |" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|        0   退出                          |" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
			cout << "\t\t\t请选择【0-6】：";
			cin >> sel;
			while(sel != "0" && sel != "1" && sel != "2" && sel != "3" && sel != "4" && sel != "5" && sel != "6")
			{
				cout << "\t\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-6】：";
				cin >> sel;
			}
			if(sel == "1")
			{
				this->insertRs(); //添加收支记录
				this->menu();
			}
			else if(sel == "2")
			{
				this->deleteRs(); //删除收支记录
				this->menu();
			}
			else if(sel == "3")
			{
				this->updateRs(); //修改收支记录
				this->menu();
			}
			else if(sel == "4")
			{
				this->selectRs(); //查询收支记录
				this->menu();
			}
			else if(sel == "5")
			{
				this->displayRs(); //显示
				this->menu();
			}
			else if(sel == "6")
			{
				this->clearSystem(); //清空
				this->menu();
			}
			else if(sel == "0") //退出
			{
				exit(0);
			}
		}

		//读取文件
		void readFile()
		{
			ifstream ifs;
			ifs.open("records.txt", ios::in);
			int n = 0;
			ifs >> n;
			for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
			{
				Record r;
				ifs >> r.num >> r.date >> r.amount >> r.type >> r.remarks;
				rs.push_back(r);
			}
			ifs.close();
		}
		//写入文件
		void writeFile()
		{
			ofstream ofs;
			ofs.open("records.txt", ios::out);
			ofs << rs.size() << endl; //先写入收支记录数量
			for (int i = 0; i < rs.size(); i++)
			{
				ofs << rs[i].num << " " << rs[i].date << " " << rs[i].amount << " " << rs[i].type << " " << rs[i].remarks << endl;
			}
			ofs.close();
		}
		//遍历收支记录
		void traverseRs()
		{
			cout << "\t--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			cout<<"\t";
			Record::showHeader();
			cout << "\t--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
			for (int i = 0; i < rs.size(); i++)
			{
				cout << "\t";
				rs[i].showRecordInfo();
			}
			cout << "\t--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
		}

		//添加收支记录
		void insertRs()
		{
			while(true)
			{
				system("cls");
				cout << "\t***************************欢迎来到添加收支记录信息功能*******************************" << endl;
				cout << "\t个人收支记录一览表"<<endl;
				this->traverseRs();
				string sel = "0";
				cout << "\t-----------------" << endl;
				cout << "\t1 添加收支记录" << endl;
				cout << "\t2 返回主菜单" << endl;
				cout << "\t-----------------" << endl;
				cout << "\t请进行选择【1-2】：";
				cin >> sel;
				while(sel != "1" && sel != "2")
				{
					cout << "\t输入不合法,请重新选择【1-2】：";
					cin >> sel;
				}
				if(sel == "1")
				{
					string flag = "1";
					while (flag == "1")
					{
						cout << "\t开始信息录入："<<endl;
						Record r;
						//编号
						stringstream ss;
						ss << rs.size() + 1 ;
						r.num = ss.str();
						cout << "\t日期：";
						cin >> r.date;
						cout << "\t类型(支出 or 收入)：";
						cin >> r.type;
						cout << "\t金额：";
						cin >> r.amount;
						cout << "\t备注：";
						cin >> r.remarks;
						rs.push_back(r);
						writeFile();
						cout << "\n\t收支记录信息添加成功！是否继续添加？（1 是 0 否）" << endl;
						cout << "\t请进行选择【0-1】：";
						cin >> flag;
						while(flag != "0" && flag != "1")
						{
							cout << "\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】：";
							cin >> flag;
						}
					}
					cout << "\t";
					system("pause");
				}
				else
				{
					break;
				}
			}
		}
		//删除收支记录信息
		void deleteRs()
		{
			while (true)
			{
				system("cls");
				cout << "\t***************************欢迎来到删除收支记录信息功能*******************************" << endl;
				cout << "\t个人收支记录一览表"<<endl;
				this->traverseRs();
				string sel = "0";
				cout << "\t--------------------" << endl;
				cout << "\t1 按收支记录序号删除" << endl;
				cout << "\t2 返回主菜单" << endl;
				cout << "\t--------------------" << endl;
				cout << "\t注意：删除完成后会自动更新所有记录的序号！" << endl;
				cout << "\t请进行选择【1-2】：";
				cin >> sel;
				while(sel != "1" && sel != "2")
				{
					cout << "\t输入不合法,请重新选择【1-2】：";
					cin >> sel;
				}
				if (sel == "1")
				{
					string keyNum;
					bool flag = false;
					cout << "\t请输入待删除的收支记录序号：";
					cin >> keyNum;
					for (vector<Record>::iterator it = rs.begin(); it != rs.end(); ++it)
					{
						if (it->num == keyNum)
						{
							flag = true;
							cout<< "\n\t序号为" << keyNum << "的收支记录如下："<<endl;
							cout << "\t--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							cout<<"\t";
							Record::showHeader();
							cout << "\t--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							cout<<"\t";
							it->showRecordInfo();
							cout << "\t--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							cout << "\t是否确认删除该条收支记录？（1 是 0 否）" << endl;
							cout << "\t请进行选择【0-1】：";
							string ch = "0";
							cin >> ch;
							while(ch != "0" && ch != "1")
							{
								cout << "\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】：";
								cin >> ch;
							}
							if (ch == "0") break;
							else
							{
								rs.erase(it);
								//删除后更新序号
								for(int j = 0; j < rs.size(); j++)
								{
									stringstream ss;
									ss << j + 1;
									rs[j].num = ss.str();
								}
								writeFile();
								cout << "\t删除成功！" << endl;
								break;
							}
						}
					}
					if (!flag) cout << "\t无法查询到此条收支记录信息，无法删除！\n" << endl;
					cout << "\t";
					system("pause");
				}
				else
				{
					break;
				}
			}
		}

		//修改收支记录信息
		void updateRs()
		{
			while(true)
			{
				system("cls");
				cout << "\t***************************欢迎来到修改收支记录信息功能*******************************" << endl;
				cout << "\t个人收支记录一览表"<<endl;
				this->traverseRs();
				string sel = "0";
				cout << "\t---------------------------" << endl;
				cout << "\t1 按序号修改收支记录信息" << endl;
				cout << "\t2 返回主菜单" << endl;
				cout << "\t---------------------------" << endl;
				cout << "\t请进行选择【1-2】：";
				cin >> sel;
				while(sel != "1" && sel != "2")
				{
					cout << "\t输入不合法,请重新选择【1-2】：";
					cin >> sel;
				}
				if(sel == "1")
				{
					bool flag = false;
					string keyNum;
					cout << "\t请输入待修改收支记录的序号：";
					cin >> keyNum;
					for (int i = 0; i < rs.size(); i++)
					{
						if (rs[i].num == keyNum)
						{
							flag = true;
							cout << "\t待修改收支记录当前信息如下：" << endl;
							cout << "\t--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							cout<<"\t";
							Record::showHeader();
							cout << "\t--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							cout<<"\t";
							rs[i].showRecordInfo();
							cout << "\t--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
							Record r = rs[i];
							cout << "\t请输入修改后的日期：";
							cin >> r.date;
							cout << "\t请输入修改后的类型：";
							cin >> r.type;
							cout << "\t请输入修改后的金额：";
							cin >> r.amount;
							cout << "\t请输入修改后的备注：";
							cin >> r.remarks;
							cout << "\t是否确认修改？（1 是 0 否）" << endl;
							cout << "\t请进行选择【0-1】：";
							string ch = "0";
							cin >> ch;
							while(ch != "0" && ch != "1")
							{
								cout << "\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】：";
								cin >> ch;
							}

							if (ch == "0") break;
							else
							{
								rs[i] = r;
								cout << "\t修改成功！" << endl;
								writeFile();
								break;
							}
						}
					}
					if (!flag) cout << "\t无法查询到此条收支记录信息，无法修改！\n" << endl;
					cout<<"\t";
					system("pause");
				}
				else
				{
					break;
				}
			}
		}

		//查询收支记录信息
		void selectRs()
		{
			while (true)
			{
				system("cls");
				cout << "\t***************************欢迎来到查询收支记录信息功能*******************************" << endl;
				cout << "\t----------------------------" << endl;
				cout << "\t1 按类型查询收支记录信息" << endl;
				cout << "\t2 返回主菜单" << endl;
				cout << "\t----------------------------" << endl;
				cout << "\t请进行选择【1-2】：";
				string sel = "0";
				cin >> sel;
				while(sel != "1" && sel != "2")
				{
					cout << "\t输入不合法,请重新选择【1-2】：";
					cin >> sel;
				}
				if (sel == "1")
				{
					string keyType;
					bool flag = false;
					cout << "\t请输入待查询收支记录的类型：";
					cin >> keyType;
					cout << "\t查询结果如下：" << endl;
					cout << "\t--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
					cout<<"\t";
					Record::showHeader();
					cout << "\t--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
					for (int i = 0; i < rs.size(); i++)
					{
						if (rs[i].type == keyType)
						{
							flag = true;
							cout<<"\t";
							rs[i].showRecordInfo();
						}
					}
					cout << "\t--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
					if (!flag) cout << "\t无法查询到此类记录！\n" << endl;
					cout << "\t";
					system("pause");
				}
				else
				{
					break;
				}
			}
		}

		void displayRs()
		{
			system("cls");
			cout << "\t***************************欢迎来到个人收支记录一览表功能*****************************" << endl;
			cout << "\t表1：个人收支记录一览表"<<endl;
			this->traverseRs();
			double balance = money;
			for(int i = 0; i < rs.size(); i++)
			{
				if(rs[i].type == "支出") balance -= rs[i].amount;
				else balance += rs[i].amount;
			}
			cout << "\t本月初始资金：" << money << "元" << endl;
			cout << "\t当前余额：" << balance << "元" << endl;
			cout << "\t";
			system("pause");
		}

		void clearSystem()
		{
			while (true)
			{
				string sel = "0";
				system("cls");
				cout << "\t******************************欢迎来到清空系统数据功能*******************************" << endl;
				cout << "\t------------------" << endl;
				cout << "\t1 确认清空系统数据" << endl;
				cout << "\t2 返回主菜单" << endl;
				cout << "\t------------------" << endl;
				cout << "\t请慎重选择【1-2】：";
				cin >> sel;
				while(sel != "1" && sel != "2")
				{
					cout << "\t输入不合法,请重新输入【1-2】：";
					cin >> sel;
				}
				if (sel == "1")
				{
					rs.clear();
					cout << "\t清空成功！" << endl;
					cout << "\t";
					system("pause");
					writeFile();
				}
				else
				{
					break;
				}
			}
		}
};

int main()
{
	FinanceSystem fs;
	fs.init(3000);    //设置初始金额
	fs.menu();
	return 0;
}

运行方法

1. 新建一个cpp文件，命名为”main.cpp”。
2. 将系统完整代码复制粘贴至”main.cpp”中。
3. 利用Dev C++运行”main.cpp”即可。